full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Nathalie Cabrol: How Mars might hold the secret to the origin of life

Unscramble the Blue Letters

So, we have been mniakg progress in our understanding of habitability, but we also have been making progress in our understanding of what the signatures of life are on etrah. And you can have what we call organic molecules, and these are the bcirks of life, and you can have fossils, and you can mielrans, biominerals, which is due to the reaction between bacteria and rocks, and of course you can have gases in the atmosphere. And when you look at those tiny green aagle on the right of the slide here, they are the direct descendants of those who have been pumping oxygen a billion years ago in the atmosphere of the Earth. When they did that, they poisoned 90 percent of the life at the surface of the Earth, but they are the roaesn why you are breathing this air today.

Open Cloze

So, we have been ______ progress in our understanding of habitability, but we also have been making progress in our understanding of what the signatures of life are on _____. And you can have what we call organic molecules, and these are the ______ of life, and you can have fossils, and you can ________, biominerals, which is due to the reaction between bacteria and rocks, and of course you can have gases in the atmosphere. And when you look at those tiny green _____ on the right of the slide here, they are the direct descendants of those who have been pumping oxygen a billion years ago in the atmosphere of the Earth. When they did that, they poisoned 90 percent of the life at the surface of the Earth, but they are the ______ why you are breathing this air today.

Solution

  1. earth
  2. minerals
  3. bricks
  4. making
  5. reason
  6. algae

Original Text

So, we have been making progress in our understanding of habitability, but we also have been making progress in our understanding of what the signatures of life are on Earth. And you can have what we call organic molecules, and these are the bricks of life, and you can have fossils, and you can minerals, biominerals, which is due to the reaction between bacteria and rocks, and of course you can have gases in the atmosphere. And when you look at those tiny green algae on the right of the slide here, they are the direct descendants of those who have been pumping oxygen a billion years ago in the atmosphere of the Earth. When they did that, they poisoned 90 percent of the life at the surface of the Earth, but they are the reason why you are breathing this air today.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
billion years 8
solar system 5
time machine 5
extreme environments 3
long time 3
microbial life 2
habitable planet 2
making progress 2
planet earth 2
red color 2
discovered traces 2

Important Words

  1. air
  2. algae
  3. atmosphere
  4. bacteria
  5. billion
  6. biominerals
  7. breathing
  8. bricks
  9. call
  10. descendants
  11. direct
  12. due
  13. earth
  14. fossils
  15. gases
  16. green
  17. habitability
  18. life
  19. making
  20. minerals
  21. molecules
  22. organic
  23. oxygen
  24. percent
  25. poisoned
  26. progress
  27. pumping
  28. reaction
  29. reason
  30. rocks
  31. signatures
  32. slide
  33. surface
  34. tiny
  35. today
  36. understanding
  37. years